In this study, a β cell expansion factor A (BefA) production strain of Escherichia coli (BL21-pet 28C-BefA) was constructed, and the antidiabetes effect of BefA was evaluated using type 1 DM (T1DM) and type 2 DM (T2DM) mice models. In conclusion, BefA alleviates diabetes via increasing the number of islet β cells, reducing the inflammatory reaction and apoptosis, improving liver lipid metabolism, and restoring microbial diversity to normal levels, which provides a new strategy for a DM oral drug.ĭiabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases, and there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic DM oral drugs with fewer side effects and sound therapeutic efficacy. Similarly with the T1DM mice, BefA obviously increased islet β cells and reduced the inflammatory reaction and apoptosis in T2DM mice, as well as improved liver lipid metabolism by downregulating the expressions of CEBP-α, ACC, and Fasn inhibited the synthesis of triglycerides and induced Cpt-1, Hmgcs2, and Pparα in a concentration-dependent manner. The T1DM mice results indicated that BefA significantly reduced blood glucose levels exerted a protective effect on islet β cell morphology downregulated the expressions of TLR-4, p-NFκB/NFκB, and Bax/Bcl-2, and the secretion levels of IL-1β and TNF-α increased the expression of PDX-1 protein and insulin secretion in a concentration-dependent manner and restored the disturbed microbial diversity to normal levels. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases, and there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic DM oral drugs with fewer side effects and sound therapeutic efficacy.
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